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% Introduction
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\usetheme{Sybila}
\title[LFV \& LNV at LHCb]{Lepton flavour and number violation measurements at LHCb}
\author{Marcin Chrz\k{a}szcz$^{1,2}$ \\ \footnotesize{on behalf of the LHCb collaboration}}
\institute{$^1$~University of Zurich,\\ $^2$~Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow \\{~}\\ Heavy Quarks and Leptons 2014 }
\date{\today}
\begin{document}
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\frame[plain]{\titlepage}
\author{Marcin Chrz\k{a}szcz}
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\institute{~(UZH, IFJ)}
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% OUTLINE
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\section[Outline]{}
\begin{frame}
\tableofcontents
\end{frame}
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% Introduction
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\section{LHCb detector}
\begin{frame}\frametitle{LHCb detector}
\begin{columns}
\column{3.in}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.98\textwidth]{det.jpg}
\end{center}
\column{2.0in}
\begin{footnotesize}
LHCb is a forward spectrometer:
\begin{itemize}
\item Excellent vertex resolution.
\item Efficient trigger.
\item High acceptance for $\Ptau$ and $\PB$.
\item Great Particle ID
\end{itemize}
\end{footnotesize}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\section{Lepton Flavour Violation}
\begin{frame}\frametitle{Lepton Flavour/Number Violation}
\begin{small}
Lepton Flavour Violation(LFV):
\end{small}
\begin{footnotesize}
After $\Pmuon$ was discovered it was natural to think of it as an excited $\Pelectron$.
\begin{columns}
\column{3in}
\begin{itemize}
\item Expected: $B(\mu\to\Pe\gamma) \approx 10^{-4}$
\item Unless another $\Pnu$, in intermediate vector boson loop, cancels.
\end{itemize}
\column{2in}
{~}\includegraphics[width=0.98\textwidth]{rabi.png}
\end{columns}
\begin{columns}
\column{0.5in}
{~}
\column{3in}
\begin{block}{I.I.Rabi:}
"Who ordered that?"
\end{block}
\column{0.3in}{~}
\column{2in}
{~}\includegraphics[scale=0.08]{II_Rabi.jpg}
\end{columns}
\begin{itemize}
\item Up to this day charged LFV is being searched for in various decay modes.
\item LFV was already found in neutrino sector (oscillations).
\end{itemize}
\end{footnotesize}
\begin{footnotesize}
\begin{columns}
\column{3.5in}
\begin{small}
Lepton Number Violation (LNV)
\end{small}
\begin{itemize}
\item Even with LFV, lepton number can be a conserved quantity.
\item Many NP models predict it violation(Majorana neutrinos)
\item Searched in so called Neutrinoless double $\beta$ decays.
\end{itemize}
\column{1.5in}
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Double_beta_decay_feynman.png}
\end{columns}
\end{footnotesize}
%Double_beta_decay_feynman.png
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
% \section{Lepton Number Violation}
\section{ $\PB$ decays}
\subsection{$\PBminus\to h^{+}\Plepton^{-}\Plepton^{-}$}
\begin{frame}%[t]
\frametitle{LNV in bottom decays}%$\PBminus\to h^{+}\ell^{-}\ell^{-}$}
\only<1>{
\begin{columns}\begin{column}{.5\textwidth}
on-shell neutrino
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pic/B-Majorana2.pdf}
\end{column}
{\begin{column}{.45\textwidth}
virtual neutrino
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pic/B-Majorana1.pdf}
\end{column}
}
\end{columns}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{.5\textwidth}
\begin{itemize}
\item resonant production in accessible mass range
\item rates depend on Majorana neutrino--lepton coupling $|V_{\mu 4}|$
\newline {\footnotesize{(e.g.\ \href{http://arxiv.org/abs/0901.3589}{arXiv:0901.3589)}}}
\item $m_4 = m_{\Plepton^{-},\Ppiplus}$
\item $m_{\mu} + m_{\pi} < m_4 < m_{\PB} - m_{\mu}$
\end{itemize}
\end{column}
{
\begin{column}{.5\textwidth}
\begin{exampleblock}{~}
%\begin{itemize}
Diagram without mass restriction
Cabbibo favoured for $\PB\to\PD$
Analogous to double $\beta$ decay.
%\end{itemize}
\end{exampleblock}
\end{column}
}
\end{columns}
}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{Virtual Majorana neutrinos}
\begin{columns}
\only<1>{
\begin{column}{.78\textwidth}
\begin{block}{}
%\begin{itemize}
$\PBminus\to\PDplus\Pmuon\Pmuon\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\PBminus\to\PD^{*+}\Pmuon\Pmuon$
%\end{itemize}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pic/MassFitDp_.pdf}
\end{block}
\end{column}
}
\end{columns}
\only<1>{{
{~}
\begin{columns}
\column{2.5in}
$\quad\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PDplus\Pmuon\Pmuon)<6.9\times 10^{-7}$
\column{2.5in}
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PD^{*+}\Pmuon\Pmuon)<2.4\times 10^{-6}$
\end{columns}
}}
{@ 95\,\% CL}\hspace{.35\textwidth}
{@ 95\,\% CL}
\\ Based on $0.41~\invfb ${~}$7~\TeV$ data.
{~}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{6.5cm}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{1.5cm}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{4cm}
\hspace{.4cm}
{\footnotesize{\href{http://prd.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v85/i11/e112004}{\texttt{Phys. Rev.D85 (2012) 112004 }}}}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
%LHCb, arXiv:1201.5600
%\includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{UpperAll}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{On-shell Majorana neutrinos}
\begin{itemize}
\item $\PBminus \to \Ppiplus \Pmuon \Pmuon$ searched with full data set${~}3~\invfb $.
\item Cut based analysis.
\item Normalization channel $\PBplus \to \PJpsi(\mu\mu)\PKplus$.
\item Searches performed for two scenarios:
\begin{itemize}
\item Short life-time neutrinos: $\tau_4 <1ps$
\item Long life-time neutrinos: $\tau_4 \in (1,1000) ps$
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\begin{columns}
\only<1>{
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Figure2.png}
}
\end{columns}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{8.5cm}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Figure3.png}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.5cm}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{4cm}
\hspace{.4cm}
{\footnotesize{\href{http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.131802}{\texttt{Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 131802 }}}}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}[t]
\frametitle{On-shell Majorana neutrinos}
{~}\\
\begin{columns}
\column{2.5in}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Figure5.png}\\
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Figure6.png}\\
\column{2.5in}
\begin{small}
\begin{itemize}
\item In absence of signal UL. were set.
\item $Br(\PBminus \to \Ppiplus \Pmuon \Pmuon)$ in range $10^{-9}$.
\item Limits also set for the coupling $| V_{\mu 4} |^2$
\end{itemize}
{~}{~}$Br(\PBminus \to \Ppiplus \Pmuon \Pmuon) = \dfrac{G_f^4 f_B^2f_{\pi}^2}{128\pi\hbar } \tau_B m_B^5 |V_{ub}V_{ud}|^2|V_{\mu4}|^4(1- \dfrac{m_4^2}{m_B^2})\dfrac{m_4}{\Gamma_{N_4}}$
\end{small}
\end{columns}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% johan %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Summary on LNV in $\color{white} \textbf{B}$ decays}
\vspace{0.5cm}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{.65\textwidth}
\begin{footnotesize}
\begin{tabular}{lclr}
channel & limit & & \\\hline
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\Ppi^{+}\Pelectron\Pelectron) $ & $<2.3\times 10^{-8}$ & @$90\,\%$ CL &\includegraphics[height=.25cm]{babar}\footnote{BaBar,\href{http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.85.071103}{Phys.\ Rev.\ D \textbf{85}, 071103} (2012)\label{babarB}}\\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PK^{+}\Pelectron\Pelectron) $ & $<3.0\times 10^{-8}$ & @$90\,\%$ CL &\includegraphics[height=.25cm]{babar}\footnotesize{$^{\text{\ref{babarB}}}$}\\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PK^{*+}\Pelectron\Pelectron) $ & $<2.8\times 10^{-6}$ & @$90\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{cleo}\footnote{CLEO, \href{http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.65.111102}{Phys.\ Rev.\ D \textbf{65}, 111102} (2002)\label{cleolnv}}\\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\Prho^{+}\Pelectron\Pelectron) $ & $<2.6\times 10^{-6}$ & @$90\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{cleo}\footnotesize{$^{\text{\ref{cleolnv}}}$}\\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PD^{+}\Pelectron\Pelectron) $ & $<2.6\times 10^{-6}$ & @$90\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{belle2-logo}\footnote{Belle, \href{http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.84.071106}{Phys.\ Rev.\ D \textbf{84}, 071106(R)}, (2011)\label{bellelnv}}\\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PD^{+}\Pelectron\Pmuon) $ & $<1.8\times 10^{-6}$ & @$90\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{belle2-logo}\footnotesize{$^{\text{\ref{bellelnv}}}$}\\
%$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\Ppi^{+}\Pmuon\Pmuon)$ & $<1.3\times 10^{-8}$ & @$95\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}\footnote{LHCb, CERN-PH-EP-2012-006, \href{http://arxiv.org/abs/1201.5600}{\texttt{arXiv:1201.5600}} (2012)\label{xxxxx}} \\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PK^{+}\Pmuon\Pmuon) $ & $<5.4\times 10^{-7}$ & @$95\,\%$ CL &\includegraphics[height=.25cm]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}\footnote{LHCb, \href{http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.101601}{Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett.\ 108 101601} (2012)} \\
%$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PK^{*+}\Pmuon\Pmuon) $ & $<4.4\times 10^{-6}$ & @$90\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{cleo}\footnotesize{$^{\text{\ref{cleolnv}}}$}\\
%$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\Prho^{+}\Pmuon\Pmuon) $ & $<5.0\times 10^{-6}$ & @$90\,\%$ CL & \footnotesize{$^{\text{\ref{cleolnv}}}$}\\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PD^{+}\Pmuon\Pmuon) $ & $<6.9\times 10^{-7}$ & @$95\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}\footnote{LHCb,Phys. Rev. Lett. (112) 131802 (2014)\label{xxxxx}} \\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PD^{*+}\Pmuon\Pmuon)$ & $<2.4\times 10^{-6}$ & @$95\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}\footnotesize{$^{\text{\ref{xxxxx}}}$}\\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PDs^{+}\Pmuon\Pmuon)$ & $<5.8\times 10^{-7}$ & @$95\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}\footnotesize{$^{\text{\ref{xxxxx}}}$}\\
$\mathcal{B}(\PBminus\to\PDzero\Ppiminus\Pmuon\Pmuon)$ & $<1.5\times 10^{-6}$ & @$95\,\%$ CL & \includegraphics[height=.25cm]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}\footnotesize{$^{\text{\ref{xxxxx}}}$}\\
\hline
\end{tabular} %pic/LHCb_logo.jpg
\end{footnotesize}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
%\textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\subsection{$\PB_{(s)}\to \Plepton^{+}_1\Plepton_2^{-}$}
\begin{frame}%[t]
\frametitle{$\color{white} B_{(s)} \to e^- \mu^{+}$}
\begin{footnotesize}
\begin{columns}
\column{3in}
\begin{itemize}
\item A separate physics interest is LFV $\PB$ decays.
\item Predicted by various NP models: lepto-quarks, SUSY, GUT.
\item Analysis based on $1~\invfb $ 2011 data.
\item Analogous to our $\PBs \to \mu \mu$ analysis~(PRL 111 (2013) 101804)
\end{itemize}
\column{2in}
{~}\\{~}\\
\includegraphics[width=0.95\textwidth]{blind.png}\\
\end{columns}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Loose preselection based on topology and PID.
\item Classifier trained on MC signal and $b\bar{b} \to \Plepton \Plepton X$
\item Calibration channel: $\PBzero_{(s)} \to h^+ h^{'-}$
\item Normalization Channel: $\PBzero \to \PKplus \Ppiminus$
\item \href{http://cds.cern.ch/record/451614/files/p81.ps.gz}{CLs}\footnote{A.L.Read, The CLs technique, \\ Journal of Physics G (2012)
}
method for limit extraction.
\end{enumerate}
\end{footnotesize}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{6.5cm}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{1.5cm}
%\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{4cm}
\hspace{.4cm}
{\footnotesize{\href{http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.141801}{\texttt{Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 141801 (2013) }}}}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}%[t]
\frametitle{$\color{white} B_{(s)} \to e^- \mu^{+}$ mass calibration}
{~}
LHCb philosophy: data driven approach when/where possible.
\begin{itemize}
\item Electrons undergo Breamsstrahlung~$\rightarrow$ recover the lost energy.
\item Re-weight MC to match event multiplicity.
\item Parametrize signal shape by Crystal Ball.
\item Validate the approach on $\PJpsi \to \Pelectron \APelectron$.
\item Observe agreement between data and MC $\PJpsi$ line shape.
\end{itemize}
\includegraphics[width=0.84\textwidth]{Jpsi_mass.png}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}%[t]
\frametitle{$\color{white} B_{(s)} \to e^- \mu^{+}$ BDT calibration}
{~}
\begin{itemize}
\item Hadronic two body $\PB$ decays are an excellent proxy!
\item Same topology and kinematics.
\item Select and inclusive sample of $\PB_{(s)} \to h^+ h'^-$
\item Apply BDT to selected hadronic sample and correct MC signal efficiency:
\end{itemize}
\begin{equation}
\epsilon_{DATA}^{sig} = \dfrac{\epsilon_{DATA}^{norm}}{\epsilon_{MC}^{norm}} \times \epsilon_{MC}^{sig}
\end{equation}
\begin{columns}
\column{3in}
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Fig4a-supp.pdf}\\
\column{2in}
\begin{enumerate}
\item {\color{red} $\color{red} B_{(s)} \to h^+ h'^-$ BDT shape in data.}
\item {\color{mygreen} $\color{mygreen} B_{(s)} \to e \mu$ BDT shape after corrections.}
\end{enumerate}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}%[t]
\frametitle{$\color{white} B_{(s)} \to e^- \mu^{+}$ background}
\begin{columns}
\column{3in}
\begin{itemize}
\item Number of expected background candidates extrapolated from side bands: $\left[4,9,5.0\right]\bigcup \left[5.5,5.9\right]~GeV$
\item Peaking backgrounds:
\begin{itemize}
\item $B_{(s)} \to h^+ h^-$, model using miss ID rates. Expect $4$ events in the full BDT range.
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\column{2in}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{sig_bkg_pdf.png}\\
\end{columns}
\begin{columns}
\column{2.5in}
\begin{itemize}
\item Semileptonic backgrounds:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\PLambdab \to \Pproton \mu \nu$
\item $\PB \to \Ppi \mu \nu$
\item $\PBc \to \PJpsi(\mu\mu) \Pe \nu$
\item $\PBc \to \PJpsi(ee) \Pmu \nu$
\end{itemize}
\item Can be modelled in a fit
\end{itemize}
\column{2.5in}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{BKG.png}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}%[t]
\frametitle{$\color{white} B_{(s)} \to e^- \mu^{+}$}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.95\textwidth]{bananas.png}\\
\begin{tabular}{ c | c | c }
\multicolumn{3}{c}{Upper limits} \\ \hline
{~} & $Br(\PB \to \Pe \Pmu)$ & $Br(\PB_s \to \Pe \Pmu)$ \\
{~} & \at~$ 90(95)\% CL$ & at~$90(95)\% CL$ \\ \hline
\textcolor{blue}{Expected} & \textcolor{blue}{$3.8(4.8)\times 10^{-9}$}& \textcolor{blue}{$1.5(2.0)\times 10^{-8}$} \\
\textcolor{red}{Observed} & \textcolor{red}{$1.5(1.8)\times 10^{-9}$}& \textcolor{red}{$1.1(1.4)\times 10^{-8}$} \\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}%[t]
\frametitle{$\color{white} B_{(s)} \to e^- \mu^{+}$ Implications}
\begin{footnotesize}
\begin{itemize}
\item LHCb limits two times better than previous ones from CDF\footnote{Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 201801}.
\item CDF implications to lepto-quarks mass\footnote{Theoretical formula Phys. Rev. D 50 (1994) 6843}.
\begin{itemize}
\item $m_{LQ}(\PBs \to \Pe \Pmu) >47.8(44.9)~\TeV$ \@ $90(95\%)$ \at CL.
\item $m_{LQ}(\PBzero \to \Pe \Pmu) >59.3(56.3)~\TeV$ \@ $90(95\%)$ \at CL.
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\begin{center}
\begin{columns}
\column{0.4in}
{~}
\column{1.85in}
\includegraphics[width=0.99\textwidth]{Fig2a-supp.pdf}\\
\column{0.2in}
{~}
\column{1.85in}
\includegraphics[width=0.99\textwidth]{Fig2b-supp.pdf}\\
\column{0.4in}
{~}
\end{columns}
\end{center}
LHCb limits:
\begin{itemize}
\item $m_{LQ}(\PBs \to \Pe \Pmu) >107(101)~\TeV$ \@ $90(95\%)$ \at CL.
\item $m_{LQ}(\PBzero \to \Pe \Pmu) >135(126) ~\TeV$ \@ $90(95\%)$ \at CL.
\end{itemize}
\end{footnotesize}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\section{Lepton Flavour Violation}
\section{ $\Ptau$ decays}
\subsection{$\Ptauon\to\Pmuon\Pmuon\APmuon$}
\begin{frame}\frametitle{Curent status}
\frametitle{$\color{white}\tau \to \mu \mu \mu$}
\only<1>{
\begin{center}
\begin{columns}
\column{3in}
\begin{enumerate}
\item In SM small $\mathcal{B}( \Ptauon\to\Pmuon\Pmuon\APmuon ) \sim 10^{-40} $ \\
\item NP can enhance $\mathcal{B}$. \\
\item Nature still hides $\Ptauon\to\Pmuon\Pmuon\APmuon$ from us.\\
\item Current limits:
\end{enumerate}
\column{2in}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{tau23mu.png}\\
\end{columns}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{| l | l |}
\hline Experiment & $90\%$ CL limit \\
\hline
\hline BaBar{~}\footnote{Phys.Rev.D81:111101(R),2010} & $3.3 \times 10^{-8}$ \\
\hline Belle{~}\footnote{Phys.Lett.B687:139-143,2010} & $2.1 \times 10^{-8}$\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize}
\item Can a hadron collider change the picture? \\
\end{itemize}
\end{center}
}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}\frametitle{Analysis approach}
\begin{columns}
\column{0.2in}
{~}\\
\column{2.5in}
$\mathcal{B}$ factories
\column{2.5in}
LHCb, ($7~\TeV$, 2011 data)
\end{columns}
\begin{columns}
\column{0.2in}
{~}\\
\column{2.5in}
\begin{enumerate}
\item signal: $\APelectron\Pelectron\to\APtauon\Ptauon$ \\
\item $1.2\times 10^9$ $\tau$ pairs \\
\item Calculate the thrust axis \\
\item Tag the other $\tau$ \\
\item Small cross section $0.919nb$ \\
\end{enumerate}
\column{2.5in}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Inclusive $\tau$ cross section: \newline $79.5\pm\unit{8.3}{\micro\barn}$. \\
\item $8 \times 10^{10} \tau$ produced. \\
\item Dominant contribution: \newline $\PDs\to\Ptau\Pnut$ ($78\%$) \\
\item No partial tag possible. \\
\end{enumerate}
\end{columns}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Strategy}
\setbeamercolor{block body}{use=structure,fg=black,bg=white!70!white}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{.5\textwidth}
\begin{itemize}
\item Loose cut based selection
\item Classification in 3D space:
\begin{itemize}
\item invariant mass
\item decay topology\newline (multivariate)
\item particle identification\newline (multivariate)
\end{itemize}
\item Classifier trained on simulation
\item Calibration with control channel
\item Normalization with $\PDs \to \phi(\mu \mu) \pi$
\item CLs method to extract the result
\end{itemize}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.4\textwidth}
%\begin{block}{Signal \& Calibration \& Background channel}
%\includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{topos}
%\newline
%\includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{topob2.png}
%\end{block}
Signal \& Calibration \& Background channel:\\
\includegraphics[width=.9\textwidth]{topos}
\newline
\includegraphics[width=.9\textwidth]{topob2.png}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
%\textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Signal likelihoods}
\begin{columns}\begin{column}{.48\textwidth}
\begin{block}{particle identification}
\begin{itemize}
\item hits in muon chambers
\item energy in calorimeters
\begin{itemize}
\item compatible with MIP
\end{itemize}
\item RICH response
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\begin{exampleblock}{Calibration}
$\PJpsi\to\APmuon\Pmuon$
\end{exampleblock}
\includegraphics[width=1.1\textwidth]{Fig4b.png}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.48\textwidth}
\begin{block}{3 body decay likelihood}
\begin{itemize}
\item vertex properties
\begin{itemize}
\item vertex fit, pointing
\end{itemize}
\item track quality
\item isolation
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
\begin{exampleblock}{Calibration}
$\PDs\to\Pphi\Ppi$
\end{exampleblock}
\includegraphics[width=1.1\textwidth]{Fig4a.png}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
% \textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \underbrace{•}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Signal likelihoods}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{.8\textwidth}
\begin{block}{combined signal distribution}
\begin{itemize}
\item events distributed over 25 likelihood bins
\item background estimate from mass side-bands
\end{itemize}
\end{block}
Signal efficiency in 3-BODY BDT vs PID BDT plane.
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{.48\textwidth}
%\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{./2d-data2.pdf}}
\only{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{FIG6.png}}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.48\textwidth}
%\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{./2d-data2.pdf}}
\only{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig2a.png}}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
%\textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Extracted upper limit}
\begin{columns}\begin{column}{.8\textwidth}
\vspace{1.0cm}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\multicolumn{4}{|c|}{Upper limits} \\ \hline
& \text{observed} & \text{expected} & \text{CL} \\
\hline
$\mathcal{B}(\Ptau\to\Pmu\Pmu\Pmu)$ & $8.0\times 10 ^{-8}$ & $8.3\times 10^{-8}$ & $90\%$\\
& $ 9.8\times 10 ^{-8}$ & $10.2\times 10^{-8}$ & $95\%$ \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.2\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=.46\textwidth]{pic/LHCb_logo.jpg}
\hspace{.5em}$\unit{1}{\reciprocal\femtobarn}$
{\footnotesize{\href{http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269313004450}{\texttt{PLB 724 (2013) 36-45 }}}}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{.65\textwidth}
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Fig3a.png}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.04\textwidth}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{.35\textwidth}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
%\textref{M.Chrz\k{a}szcz 2014}
\end{frame}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Summary}
\begin{itemize}
\item Analyses of LFV and LNV processes are going very well in LHCb
\item We already have a number of best limits in our hands.
\item Stay tuned, more new results coming up soon.
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
mchrzasz