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Federica Lionetto
#!/usr/bin/python
# Very simple serial terminal
# (C)2002-2011 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
# Input characters are sent directly (only LF -> CR/LF/CRLF translation is
# done), received characters are displayed as is (or escaped trough pythons
# repr, useful for debug purposes)
import sys, os, serial, threading
try:
from serial.tools.list_ports import comports
except ImportError:
comports = None
EXITCHARCTER = serial.to_bytes([0x1d]) # GS/CTRL+]
MENUCHARACTER = serial.to_bytes([0x14]) # Menu: CTRL+T
DEFAULT_PORT = None
DEFAULT_BAUDRATE = 9600
DEFAULT_RTS = None
DEFAULT_DTR = None
def key_description(character):
"""generate a readable description for a key"""
ascii_code = ord(character)
if ascii_code < 32:
return 'Ctrl+%c' % (ord('@') + ascii_code)
else:
return repr(character)
# help text, starts with blank line! it's a function so that the current values
# for the shortcut keys is used and not the value at program start
def get_help_text():
return """
--- pySerial (%(version)s) - miniterm - help
---
--- %(exit)-8s Exit program
--- %(menu)-8s Menu escape key, followed by:
--- Menu keys:
--- %(itself)-7s Send the menu character itself to remote
--- %(exchar)-7s Send the exit character itself to remote
--- %(info)-7s Show info
--- %(upload)-7s Upload file (prompt will be shown)
--- Toggles:
--- %(rts)-7s RTS %(echo)-7s local echo
--- %(dtr)-7s DTR %(break)-7s BREAK
--- %(lfm)-7s line feed %(repr)-7s Cycle repr mode
---
--- Port settings (%(menu)s followed by the following):
--- p change port
--- 7 8 set data bits
--- n e o s m change parity (None, Even, Odd, Space, Mark)
--- 1 2 3 set stop bits (1, 2, 1.5)
--- b change baud rate
--- x X disable/enable software flow control
--- r R disable/enable hardware flow control
""" % {
'version': getattr(serial, 'VERSION', 'unknown version'),
'exit': key_description(EXITCHARCTER),
'menu': key_description(MENUCHARACTER),
'rts': key_description('\x12'),
'repr': key_description('\x01'),
'dtr': key_description('\x04'),
'lfm': key_description('\x0c'),
'break': key_description('\x02'),
'echo': key_description('\x05'),
'info': key_description('\x09'),
'upload': key_description('\x15'),
'itself': key_description(MENUCHARACTER),
'exchar': key_description(EXITCHARCTER),
}
if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
def character(b):
return b.decode('latin1')
else:
def character(b):
return b
LF = serial.to_bytes([10])
CR = serial.to_bytes([13])
CRLF = serial.to_bytes([13, 10])
X00 = serial.to_bytes([0])
X0E = serial.to_bytes([0x0e])
# first choose a platform dependant way to read single characters from the console
global console
if os.name == 'nt':
import msvcrt
class Console(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
def setup(self):
pass # Do nothing for 'nt'
def cleanup(self):
pass # Do nothing for 'nt'
def getkey(self):
while True:
z = msvcrt.getch()
if z == X00 or z == X0E: # functions keys, ignore
msvcrt.getch()
else:
if z == CR:
return LF
return z
console = Console()
elif os.name == 'posix':
import termios, sys, os
class Console(object):
def __init__(self):
self.fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
self.old = None
def setup(self):
self.old = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
new = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
new[3] = new[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO & ~termios.ISIG
new[6][termios.VMIN] = 1
new[6][termios.VTIME] = 0
termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSANOW, new)
def getkey(self):
c = os.read(self.fd, 1)
return c
def cleanup(self):
if self.old is not None:
termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, self.old)
console = Console()
def cleanup_console():
console.cleanup()
sys.exitfunc = cleanup_console # terminal modes have to be restored on exit...
else:
raise NotImplementedError("Sorry no implementation for your platform (%s) available." % sys.platform)
def dump_port_list():
if comports:
sys.stderr.write('\n--- Available ports:\n')
for port, desc, hwid in sorted(comports()):
#~ sys.stderr.write('--- %-20s %s [%s]\n' % (port, desc, hwid))
sys.stderr.write('--- %-20s %s\n' % (port, desc))
CONVERT_CRLF = 2
CONVERT_CR = 1
CONVERT_LF = 0
NEWLINE_CONVERISON_MAP = (LF, CR, CRLF)
LF_MODES = ('LF', 'CR', 'CR/LF')
REPR_MODES = ('raw', 'some control', 'all control', 'hex')
class Miniterm(object):
def __init__(self, port, baudrate, parity, rtscts, xonxoff, echo=False, convert_outgoing=CONVERT_CRLF, repr_mode=0):
try:
self.serial = serial.serial_for_url(port, baudrate, parity=parity, rtscts=rtscts, xonxoff=xonxoff, timeout=1)
except AttributeError:
# happens when the installed pyserial is older than 2.5. use the
# Serial class directly then.
self.serial = serial.Serial(port, baudrate, parity=parity, rtscts=rtscts, xonxoff=xonxoff, timeout=1)
self.echo = echo
self.repr_mode = repr_mode
self.convert_outgoing = convert_outgoing
self.newline = NEWLINE_CONVERISON_MAP[self.convert_outgoing]
self.dtr_state = True
self.rts_state = True
self.break_state = False
def _start_reader(self):
"""Start reader thread"""
self._reader_alive = True
# start serial->console thread
self.receiver_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.reader)
self.receiver_thread.setDaemon(True)
self.receiver_thread.start()
def _stop_reader(self):
"""Stop reader thread only, wait for clean exit of thread"""
self._reader_alive = False
self.receiver_thread.join()
def start(self):
self.alive = True
self._start_reader()
# enter console->serial loop
self.transmitter_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.writer)
self.transmitter_thread.setDaemon(True)
self.transmitter_thread.start()
def stop(self):
self.alive = False
def join(self, transmit_only=False):
self.transmitter_thread.join()
if not transmit_only:
self.receiver_thread.join()
def dump_port_settings(self):
sys.stderr.write("\n--- Settings: %s %s,%s,%s,%s\n" % (
self.serial.portstr,
self.serial.baudrate,
self.serial.bytesize,
self.serial.parity,
self.serial.stopbits))
sys.stderr.write('--- RTS: %-8s DTR: %-8s BREAK: %-8s\n' % (
(self.rts_state and 'active' or 'inactive'),
(self.dtr_state and 'active' or 'inactive'),
(self.break_state and 'active' or 'inactive')))
try:
sys.stderr.write('--- CTS: %-8s DSR: %-8s RI: %-8s CD: %-8s\n' % (
(self.serial.getCTS() and 'active' or 'inactive'),
(self.serial.getDSR() and 'active' or 'inactive'),
(self.serial.getRI() and 'active' or 'inactive'),
(self.serial.getCD() and 'active' or 'inactive')))
except serial.SerialException:
# on RFC 2217 ports it can happen to no modem state notification was
# yet received. ignore this error.
pass
sys.stderr.write('--- software flow control: %s\n' % (self.serial.xonxoff and 'active' or 'inactive'))
sys.stderr.write('--- hardware flow control: %s\n' % (self.serial.rtscts and 'active' or 'inactive'))
sys.stderr.write('--- data escaping: %s linefeed: %s\n' % (
REPR_MODES[self.repr_mode],
LF_MODES[self.convert_outgoing]))
def reader(self):
"""loop and copy serial->console"""
try:
while self.alive and self._reader_alive:
data = character(self.serial.read(1))
if self.repr_mode == 0:
# direct output, just have to care about newline setting
if data == '\r' and self.convert_outgoing == CONVERT_CR:
sys.stdout.write('\n')
else:
sys.stdout.write(data)
elif self.repr_mode == 1:
# escape non-printable, let pass newlines
if self.convert_outgoing == CONVERT_CRLF and data in '\r\n':
if data == '\n':
sys.stdout.write('\n')
elif data == '\r':
pass
elif data == '\n' and self.convert_outgoing == CONVERT_LF:
sys.stdout.write('\n')
elif data == '\r' and self.convert_outgoing == CONVERT_CR:
sys.stdout.write('\n')
else:
sys.stdout.write(repr(data)[1:-1])
elif self.repr_mode == 2:
# escape all non-printable, including newline
sys.stdout.write(repr(data)[1:-1])
elif self.repr_mode == 3:
# escape everything (hexdump)
for c in data:
sys.stdout.write("%s " % c.encode('hex'))
sys.stdout.flush()
except serial.SerialException, e:
self.alive = False
# would be nice if the console reader could be interruptted at this
# point...
raise
def writer(self):
"""\
Loop and copy console->serial until EXITCHARCTER character is
found. When MENUCHARACTER is found, interpret the next key
locally.
"""
menu_active = False
try:
while self.alive:
try:
b = console.getkey()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
b = serial.to_bytes([3])
c = character(b)
if menu_active:
if c == MENUCHARACTER or c == EXITCHARCTER: # Menu character again/exit char -> send itself
self.serial.write(b) # send character
if self.echo:
sys.stdout.write(c)
elif c == '\x15': # CTRL+U -> upload file
sys.stderr.write('\n--- File to upload: ')
sys.stderr.flush()
console.cleanup()
filename = sys.stdin.readline().rstrip('\r\n')
if filename:
try:
file = open(filename, 'r')
sys.stderr.write('--- Sending file %s ---\n' % filename)
while True:
line = file.readline().rstrip('\r\n')
if not line:
break
self.serial.write(line)
self.serial.write('\r\n')
# Wait for output buffer to drain.
self.serial.flush()
sys.stderr.write('.') # Progress indicator.
sys.stderr.write('\n--- File %s sent ---\n' % filename)
except IOError, e:
sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR opening file %s: %s ---\n' % (filename, e))
console.setup()
elif c in '\x08hH?': # CTRL+H, h, H, ? -> Show help
sys.stderr.write(get_help_text())
elif c == '\x12': # CTRL+R -> Toggle RTS
self.rts_state = not self.rts_state
self.serial.setRTS(self.rts_state)
sys.stderr.write('--- RTS %s ---\n' % (self.rts_state and 'active' or 'inactive'))
elif c == '\x04': # CTRL+D -> Toggle DTR
self.dtr_state = not self.dtr_state
self.serial.setDTR(self.dtr_state)
sys.stderr.write('--- DTR %s ---\n' % (self.dtr_state and 'active' or 'inactive'))
elif c == '\x02': # CTRL+B -> toggle BREAK condition
self.break_state = not self.break_state
self.serial.setBreak(self.break_state)
sys.stderr.write('--- BREAK %s ---\n' % (self.break_state and 'active' or 'inactive'))
elif c == '\x05': # CTRL+E -> toggle local echo
self.echo = not self.echo
sys.stderr.write('--- local echo %s ---\n' % (self.echo and 'active' or 'inactive'))
elif c == '\x09': # CTRL+I -> info
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c == '\x01': # CTRL+A -> cycle escape mode
self.repr_mode += 1
if self.repr_mode > 3:
self.repr_mode = 0
sys.stderr.write('--- escape data: %s ---\n' % (
REPR_MODES[self.repr_mode],
))
elif c == '\x0c': # CTRL+L -> cycle linefeed mode
self.convert_outgoing += 1
if self.convert_outgoing > 2:
self.convert_outgoing = 0
self.newline = NEWLINE_CONVERISON_MAP[self.convert_outgoing]
sys.stderr.write('--- line feed %s ---\n' % (
LF_MODES[self.convert_outgoing],
))
elif c in 'pP': # P -> change port
dump_port_list()
sys.stderr.write('--- Enter port name: ')
sys.stderr.flush()
console.cleanup()
try:
port = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
port = None
console.setup()
if port and port != self.serial.port:
# reader thread needs to be shut down
self._stop_reader()
# save settings
settings = self.serial.getSettingsDict()
try:
try:
new_serial = serial.serial_for_url(port, do_not_open=True)
except AttributeError:
# happens when the installed pyserial is older than 2.5. use the
# Serial class directly then.
new_serial = serial.Serial()
new_serial.port = port
# restore settings and open
new_serial.applySettingsDict(settings)
new_serial.open()
new_serial.setRTS(self.rts_state)
new_serial.setDTR(self.dtr_state)
new_serial.setBreak(self.break_state)
except Exception, e:
sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR opening new port: %s ---\n' % (e,))
new_serial.close()
else:
self.serial.close()
self.serial = new_serial
sys.stderr.write('--- Port changed to: %s ---\n' % (self.serial.port,))
# and restart the reader thread
self._start_reader()
elif c in 'bB': # B -> change baudrate
sys.stderr.write('\n--- Baudrate: ')
sys.stderr.flush()
console.cleanup()
backup = self.serial.baudrate
try:
self.serial.baudrate = int(sys.stdin.readline().strip())
except ValueError, e:
sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR setting baudrate: %s ---\n' % (e,))
self.serial.baudrate = backup
else:
self.dump_port_settings()
console.setup()
elif c == '8': # 8 -> change to 8 bits
self.serial.bytesize = serial.EIGHTBITS
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c == '7': # 7 -> change to 8 bits
self.serial.bytesize = serial.SEVENBITS
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c in 'eE': # E -> change to even parity
self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_EVEN
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c in 'oO': # O -> change to odd parity
self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_ODD
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c in 'mM': # M -> change to mark parity
self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_MARK
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c in 'sS': # S -> change to space parity
self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_SPACE
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c in 'nN': # N -> change to no parity
self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_NONE
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c == '1': # 1 -> change to 1 stop bits
self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c == '2': # 2 -> change to 2 stop bits
self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_TWO
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c == '3': # 3 -> change to 1.5 stop bits
self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c in 'xX': # X -> change software flow control
self.serial.xonxoff = (c == 'X')
self.dump_port_settings()
elif c in 'rR': # R -> change hardware flow control
self.serial.rtscts = (c == 'R')
self.dump_port_settings()
else:
sys.stderr.write('--- unknown menu character %s --\n' % key_description(c))
menu_active = False
elif c == MENUCHARACTER: # next char will be for menu
menu_active = True
elif c == EXITCHARCTER:
self.stop()
break # exit app
elif c == '\n':
self.serial.write(self.newline) # send newline character(s)
if self.echo:
sys.stdout.write(c) # local echo is a real newline in any case
sys.stdout.flush()
else:
self.serial.write(b) # send byte
if self.echo:
sys.stdout.write(c)
sys.stdout.flush()
except:
self.alive = False
raise
def main():
import optparse
parser = optparse.OptionParser(
usage = "%prog [options] [port [baudrate]]",
description = "Miniterm - A simple terminal program for the serial port."
)
group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, "Port settings")
group.add_option("-p", "--port",
dest = "port",
help = "port, a number or a device name. (deprecated option, use parameter instead)",
default = DEFAULT_PORT
)
group.add_option("-b", "--baud",
dest = "baudrate",
action = "store",
type = 'int',
help = "set baud rate, default %default",
default = DEFAULT_BAUDRATE
)
group.add_option("--parity",
dest = "parity",
action = "store",
help = "set parity, one of [N, E, O, S, M], default=N",
default = 'N'
)
group.add_option("--rtscts",
dest = "rtscts",
action = "store_true",
help = "enable RTS/CTS flow control (default off)",
default = False
)
group.add_option("--xonxoff",
dest = "xonxoff",
action = "store_true",
help = "enable software flow control (default off)",
default = False
)
group.add_option("--rts",
dest = "rts_state",
action = "store",
type = 'int',
help = "set initial RTS line state (possible values: 0, 1)",
default = DEFAULT_RTS
)
group.add_option("--dtr",
dest = "dtr_state",
action = "store",
type = 'int',
help = "set initial DTR line state (possible values: 0, 1)",
default = DEFAULT_DTR
)
parser.add_option_group(group)
group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, "Data handling")
group.add_option("-e", "--echo",
dest = "echo",
action = "store_true",
help = "enable local echo (default off)",
default = False
)
group.add_option("--cr",
dest = "cr",
action = "store_true",
help = "do not send CR+LF, send CR only",
default = False
)
group.add_option("--lf",
dest = "lf",
action = "store_true",
help = "do not send CR+LF, send LF only",
default = False
)
group.add_option("-D", "--debug",
dest = "repr_mode",
action = "count",
help = """debug received data (escape non-printable chars)
--debug can be given multiple times:
0: just print what is received
1: escape non-printable characters, do newlines as unusual
2: escape non-printable characters, newlines too
3: hex dump everything""",
default = 0
)
parser.add_option_group(group)
group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, "Hotkeys")
group.add_option("--exit-char",
dest = "exit_char",
action = "store",
type = 'int',
help = "ASCII code of special character that is used to exit the application",
default = 0x1d
)
group.add_option("--menu-char",
dest = "menu_char",
action = "store",
type = 'int',
help = "ASCII code of special character that is used to control miniterm (menu)",
default = 0x14
)
parser.add_option_group(group)
group = optparse.OptionGroup(parser, "Diagnostics")
group.add_option("-q", "--quiet",
dest = "quiet",
action = "store_true",
help = "suppress non-error messages",
default = False
)
parser.add_option_group(group)
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
options.parity = options.parity.upper()
if options.parity not in 'NEOSM':
parser.error("invalid parity")
if options.cr and options.lf:
parser.error("only one of --cr or --lf can be specified")
if options.menu_char == options.exit_char:
parser.error('--exit-char can not be the same as --menu-char')
global EXITCHARCTER, MENUCHARACTER
EXITCHARCTER = chr(options.exit_char)
MENUCHARACTER = chr(options.menu_char)
port = options.port
baudrate = options.baudrate
if args:
if options.port is not None:
parser.error("no arguments are allowed, options only when --port is given")
port = args.pop(0)
if args:
try:
baudrate = int(args[0])
except ValueError:
parser.error("baud rate must be a number, not %r" % args[0])
args.pop(0)
if args:
parser.error("too many arguments")
else:
# noport given on command line -> ask user now
if port is None:
dump_port_list()
port = raw_input('Enter port name:')
convert_outgoing = CONVERT_CRLF
if options.cr:
convert_outgoing = CONVERT_CR
elif options.lf:
convert_outgoing = CONVERT_LF
try:
miniterm = Miniterm(
port,
baudrate,
options.parity,
rtscts=options.rtscts,
xonxoff=options.xonxoff,
echo=options.echo,
convert_outgoing=convert_outgoing,
repr_mode=options.repr_mode,
)
except serial.SerialException, e:
sys.stderr.write("could not open port %r: %s\n" % (port, e))
sys.exit(1)
if not options.quiet:
sys.stderr.write('--- Miniterm on %s: %d,%s,%s,%s ---\n' % (
miniterm.serial.portstr,
miniterm.serial.baudrate,
miniterm.serial.bytesize,
miniterm.serial.parity,
miniterm.serial.stopbits,
))
sys.stderr.write('--- Quit: %s | Menu: %s | Help: %s followed by %s ---\n' % (
key_description(EXITCHARCTER),
key_description(MENUCHARACTER),
key_description(MENUCHARACTER),
key_description('\x08'),
))
if options.dtr_state is not None:
if not options.quiet:
sys.stderr.write('--- forcing DTR %s\n' % (options.dtr_state and 'active' or 'inactive'))
miniterm.serial.setDTR(options.dtr_state)
miniterm.dtr_state = options.dtr_state
if options.rts_state is not None:
if not options.quiet:
sys.stderr.write('--- forcing RTS %s\n' % (options.rts_state and 'active' or 'inactive'))
miniterm.serial.setRTS(options.rts_state)
miniterm.rts_state = options.rts_state
console.setup()
miniterm.start()
try:
miniterm.join(True)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
if not options.quiet:
sys.stderr.write("\n--- exit ---\n")
miniterm.join()
#~ console.cleanup()
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()